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Reference Information

AK-47 Kalashnikov 7.62x39mm
This icon of assault rifles is the most widely recognized of the type.  It is considered to be the most reliable semi-automatic rifle built during the 20th century.
AK-74 Kalashnikov 5.45x39mm
An improved AK-47 created in Russia in 1974, (hence "-74".)  The higher velocity cartridge provided improved accuracy and greater effective range.
AR-15 (M-16) 5.56x45mm
The AR-15 has more variants and available accessories than any other rifle.

Armalite AR-180B

 5.56x45mm
The AR-180B is a reliable, light rifle that functions well with all types of .223 ammunition and any kind of magazine.  It is realtively inexpensive, and a great value. (Owner Notes)

Beretta
ARX-160

 5.56x45mm
A gas-operated, select-fire, closed bolt assault rifle with a piston action located above the barrel. The frame is composed of a polymer plastic with composite fibers. Unfortunately, Beretta does not plan to make this rifle available to the civilian market.
Bushmaster ACR 5.56x45mm
ACR

Evolved from the Magpul Masada (below.) A gas-piston design that incorporates some of the innovative features of the Robinson XCR. The modular design offers the ability to change barrels without tools.

Variants

Bushmaster Gas Piston Rifle 5.56x45mm
Mfr. Web Site
Colt LE1020 5.56x45mm
Unlikely to be produced.
DSA Gas Trap Carbine 5.56x45mm
 
FN F.A.L. 7.62x51mm
One of the most widely distributed combat rifles in the free world during the 20th century.
Galil (Golani) 5.56x45mm

This is similar to an AK-47 with the following improvements: 5.56x45mm cartridge with improved effective range, 35 round magazine capacity, ambidextrous safety system with an additional safety lever on the left side, free floating barrel, ambidextrous operating handle, improved gas tube and cooling, improved sights including a rear flip-up aperture sight, and a rigid folding stock.  The Golani "Golani Sporter" is widely available and affordable as of 1/23/2009.  The record, features, and current price of this rifle make it a very good value.
HK 416 5.56x45mm
Unavailable to civilians. However HK introduced a very similar rifle, the HK MR556, available to civilians in July 2010 (see MR556.)
HK-91 7.62x51mm
 
HK MR556 5.56x45mm

A direct descendent of the HK416, the MR556 is a semi-automatic rifle developed by Heckler & Koch. It uses the HK-proprietary gas piston system found on the HK416 and G36.
LWRC SRT 5.56x45mm
M-1 Garand .30-06
Pronounced "GAIR-end" this classic main battle rifle is still, as Gen. George Patton said "The best battle instrument ever devised."  (Or at least one of the best.)
M5 5.56x45mm
 
Magpul Masada 5.56x45mm

The Masada concept was developed by Magpul’s Design Group. The initial Masada concept was first shown publicly at the 2007 Shot Show and its success prompted Magpul to spend a year redesigning the system for production.  The rights to this design were purchased by Bushmaster in 2008.  The Masada will never be put into production as Bushmaster purchased the rights to this rifle and later replaced this design with a new rifle, the Bushmaster ACR.
MSAR STG-556 5.56x45mm
This is a US-made version of the Austrian AUG.  It is superior in every way to the parent rifle.  This rifle is made of the highest quality materials and the workmanship is first class.
POF-USA 5.56x45mm
This expensive rifle is available now.  Reports are that this is a high-quality and reliable rifle.
Para TTR 5.56x45mm
The Para Tactical Target Rifle features what the manufacturer calls a "Delayed Impingement Gas System" (DIGS.) The recoil spring is over the operating rod. The gases that flow through the tube inside the op-rod are expelled through a valve in the bolt carrier to reduce fouling of the gas system.  The TTR also features a 5-position folding stock.
P-415 5.56x45mm
 
Robinson XCR 5.56x45mm
The Robinson XCR is an ingeniously designed and well-executed rifle.  This rifle feels solid and well balanced and features an ambidextrous safety, an ambidextrous magazine release and an integral quad rail system.
SCAR 5.56x45mm

This rifle is currently in use by U.S. Special Forces.  This modular rifle features well tested components.  Look for release on the civilian market sometime before the end of 2009.

Variants

Sig 516 5.56x45mm
The Sig 516 was introduced in January 2010 and represents Sig Sauer's entry into the AR-15 market. The Sig 516 features an ambidextrous selector switch, chrome-lined, nitride-finished barrel, and adjustable, three-position gas regulator. The 516 has a free-floating quad rail forend and barrel.
VZ-58 7.62x39mm
 

Description of Gas Operated Firearms

Discussion of AR-15/M-16 Magazine Types and Manufacturers (Excellent)

Gun Zone was last updated 23 April 2010